Miscellaneous Investigations between 1750 and 1780

• [1748] James Dodson: The Mathematical Repository. This work is dedicated to Abraham DeMoivre. Volume I concerns algebra problems.  Volume II,containing probability problems on pages 82-136, appeared in 1753; The remainder of  Volume II and Volume III (1755) are dedicated to annuities. The second edition was published in 1775.
  
• [1751] Kaestner recieved the prize for his work on the subject of fortuitous events proposed by the Académie Royale. It is his Dissertation sur les devoirs qui resultent de la conviction, que les èvenemens fortuits dependent de la volonté de dieu. Todhunter remarks that it is useless.
  
• [1751] E.C. Canz. Tractatio synoptica de probabilitate juridica sive de praesumtione. Tubiingae.
  
• [1751] Corbyn Morris. Observations on the past growth and present state of the City of London. To which are annexed a complete table of the Christnings and Burials within this City from 1601 to 1750... together with a table of the numbers which have annually died of each disease from 1675 to the present time. London.
  
• [1753] Nicholas Struyck. Vervolg van de Beschryving der Staartsterren, en nader Ontdekkingen omtrent den Staat van't Menschelyk Geslagt, etc. 2 parts. Amsterdam. Volume I and Volume II.
  
• [1754] Edmond Hoyle (1672-1769). An essay towards making the doctrine of chances easy to those who understand vulgar arithemtick only. London: J. Jolliff. New corrected edition (1764). Hoyle, of course, is the Hoyle of the famous Rules of Games.
  
• [1754-5] Pehr Wargentin. "Om nyttan af Forteckningar pa födda och döda i et Land." (Swedish) Kongl. Vetenskaps Acad., 16, pp. 81-96.
  
• [1754-68] Anton Friedrich Büsching. Neue Erdebeschreibung. Hamburg. English translation of Pts 1-4 by P. Murdoch (1762). A New System of Geography: in which is given, a general account of ... the several kingdoms and states in the known world... 6 vols. Volume I, Vol 2, Vol 3, Vol 4, Vol 5 and Vol 6. London: A. Miller.
  
• [1755] C. Maire & R.C. Boscovich. De litteraria expeditione per Pontificiam ditionem ad dimetiendos duos Meridiani gradus et corrigendam mappam geographicam, jussu et auspiciis Bnedicti XIV, Pont. Max., ... Romae. French translation by Hugon (1770).
  
• [1757] A work by Jacopo Belgrado entitled Dell'azione del caso nelle invenzioni, e dell' influsso degli astri ne'corpi terrestri, dissertazioni due. Padova. Todhunter remarks that this is useless.
  
• [1757] G. Burrington. An answer to Dr. William Brakenridge's letter concerning the number of inhabitants, within the London Bills of Mortality. Wherein the doctor's letter is inserted... his arguments proved inconclusive, and the number of inhabitants increasing. London: J. Scott.
  
• [1758] V. de Forbonnais. Recherches et considérations sur les Finances de France depuis 1595 jusqu'à 1721. Liège. Tome 1 and Tome 2, and Tome 3.
  
• [1758] Samuel Clark The Laws of Chance: or, a mathematical investigation of the probabilities arising from any proposed circumstances of play. Applied to the solution of a great variety of problems relating to cards, bowls, dice, lotteries, etc. London: T. Payne. This work is based upon those of Moivre and Simpson. It contains nothing of importance.
  
• [1759] James Postlethwayt. IV. A comparative view of the diseases and ages, and a table of the probabilities of life for the last thirty years. A collection of the yearly Bills of Mortality from 1657 to 1758, inclusive. Together with several other Bills of an earlier date. 2 pt. London.
  
• [1760] R.G. Boscovich. De recentissimis graduum dimensionibus, et figura, ac magnitudine terrae inde derivanda. Philosophiae recentioris ... versibus tradititae libri x (By Benedictus Stay), 2, 406-26.
• [1762 & 1772] Jacques-Andre Mallet. Mallet contributed a paper on Waldegrave's problem which was first treated in Montmort's Jeux de Hazard, Problem 14 of the Ars Coniectandi of Jakob Bernoulli and the Lottery of Lorraine also treated in Montmort.
  
• [1764] Alexis Fontaine. Here we have a posthumous work dealing with the Petersburg problem.
  
• [1764] G. von Vega. Thesaurus logarithmorum completus. The link is to the English edition (1906). Note the criticism.
  
• [1767] John Michell. "An Inquiry into the probable Parallax, and Magnitude of the fixed Stars, from the Quantity of Light which they afford us, and the particular Circumstances of their Situation," by the Rev. John Michell, B.D. F.R.S. This paper was read on May 7 and 14, 1767 and published in the Philosophical Transactions..
• [1849-1850] James David Forbes: Forbes critiques Michell in two articles "On the alleged Evidence for a Physical Connexion between Stars forming Binary or Multiple Groups, arising from their Proximity alone,"  published in the London, Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine, August 1849 (pp. 132-133) & December 1850 (pp.401-427).
  
• [1764] Johann Andreas Groschius. Logica probabilium in artium practicarum subsidum adornata. Halae.
  
• [1765] Friedrich Wilhelm Morpurg. Die Kunst sein Glück spielend zu mache. Hamburg.
  
• [1765-1769] Jean Bernoulli III. He has contributed a paper on the duration of marriages, a problem on which Daniel Bernoulli wrote, and a paper on the Genoise Lottery.
  
• [1765 & 1768] Nicolaus Béguelin. Nicolaus wrote a Memoir in two parts on the Genoise Lottery in which he unifies the work of Euler and Jean Bernoulli III and another memoir related to d'Alembert's concerns of the foundations of probability and also on the Petersburg problem.
  
• [1766] Mesaance. Recherches sur la population des Généraliités de'Auvergne, de Lyon, de Rouen, et de quelques provinces et villes du royaume avec des réflexions sur la valeur du bled tant en France qu'en Angleterre depuis 1674 jusqu'en 1764. Paris. 
  
• [1766] J.L. Muret. Mèmoire sur l'état de la population dans le pays de Vaud. Yverdon.
  
• [1766] C. Garve. De nonnulis quae pertinent ad logicam probabilium. Halae.
  
• [1766]  Pehr Wargentin. Mortaliteten i sverige, i anledning af tabell-verket. Kongl. Vetenskaps Acad. 27. English translation (1930); Mortality in Sweden according to the "Tablell-Verket" (General Register Office). Stockholm.
  
• [1768] Richard Price. Four Dissertations. The fourth part is entitled: On the Importance of Christianity, the Nature of Historical Evidence, and Miracles. Although not properly mathematical, it is related due to its discussion of testimony and miracles.
  
• [1769]  Richard Price. Observations on the expectations of lives, the increase of mankind, the influence of great towns on population, and particularly the state of London, with respect to healthfulness and number of inhabitants... In a letter ... to Benjamin Franklin. London: W. Bowyer and J. Nichols.
  
• [1770] Hugon. Voyage astronomique et géographique dans l'Etat de Église ... pour mésurer deux degrés du Méridien, et corriger la Carte de l'Etat Ecclésiastique... Paris.
  
• [1771] Johann Lambert. We have a paper on superstition.
  
• [1771] Arthur Young. Proposals to the legislature for numbering the people.
  
• [1771] Richard Price. Observations on reversionary payments;... To which are added four essays on different subjects in the doctrine of life annuities and political arithmetic. Also, an appendix, containing...tables, shewing the probabilities of life in London, Norwich, and Northampton; and the values of joint lives. London: T. Cadell. 2nd ed. (1772); 3rd ed. (1773); 4th ed. (1783) 2 vols: Volume I and Volume II.; 5th ed. (1792) 2 vols. to which are added, algebraical notes... by W. Morgan; 6th ed. (1803) 2 vols.
  
• [1771] Moses Mendelssohn. (1729-1786) Publication of his Philosophical Writings, Volume I and Volume II. See pages 241-283 of the second volume for "Über die Wahrschienlichkeit." In Philosophical Writings, an English translation has been made by Daniel Dahlstrom (1997) Cambridge pp. 233-250.
  
• [1772] J. Fenn. Calculations and formulae for determining the advantages or disadvantages of gamesters.
• [1772] J. Fenn  First Letter to the Dublin Society of the use of Mathematical Reasoning in Civil, Moral, and Political Enquiries. Dublin. The proposed series of letters echoes Chapter IV of the Ars Conjectandi of Jakob Bernoulli This first letter by Fenn concerns the game of tennis. Bernoulli himself addressed this game in a  separate work: Letter à un amy sur les parties du jeu de paume.
  
• [1773] H. Proctor. The Sportsman's Sure Guide, or the Gamesters's Vademecum showing the exact Odds at Horse Racing, Lotteries, etc.
  
• [1773] C.H. Frömmichen. Über die Lehre des Wahrscheinlichen. Braunschweig.
  
• [1775] Jean Dusaulx. Lettre et Réflexions sur la fureur du jeu. This is a meditation on games. See pages 3 - 64.
  
• [1775] Samuel Clark. Considerations upon lottery schemes in general; containing a minute investigation of the real and eventual profits arising to lottery offices... Together with a full examination of Mr. Molesworth's celebrated schemes for pointing out... fortunately inclined numbers. London: Printed for the author. 
  
• [1775] M. Lastri. Ricerche sull'antica e moderna poplazione della Città de Firenze, per mezzo dei registri ael battistero di S. Giovanni dal 1451 al 1774. Firenze.
  
• [1775] E. Wigglesworth. Calculations on American population: with a table for estimating the annual increase of inhabitants in the British Colonies.
  
• [1776] William Emerson.  Probability. Miscellanies, or, a miscellaneous treatise, containing several mathematical subjects. (London).
  
• [1777] Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon: The supplement to his Natural History contains the Essai D'Arithmétique Morale which treats the Petersburg Problem and Geometric Probability including the Buffon Needle Problem. For the Petersburg Problem see both Niklaus Bernoulli and Daniel Bernoulli.
• [1778] Moheau. Recherches et considérations sur la population de la France. 2 tom. Paris.
  
• [1779] Jean Dusaulx. De la passion du jeu. This examines games from ancient times to the present.
  
• [1779] E. Waring. Problems concerning interpolation. Phil. Trans. 69, 59-67.
  
• [1779-1780] Nicolas Fuss. In two papers, Fuss deals also with Problem 14 proposed by Jakob Bernoulli in the Ars Coniectandi. He learned of the problem by reading Mallet.